Apparatus for refrigerating by means of liquefied gas.



F. A. Pom 111), vAPPARATUS FOR RBPRIGERATING BY MEANS OF LIQUBFIED GAS.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23, 1911. LQQ 1 957 Patented Mar. 31, 1914 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

F. A. POLLARD.

APPARATUS FOR R EFRIGERATING- BY MEANS OF LIQUEFIED GAS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23,1911.

1 9L957 Patented Mar. 31, 191A I a sums-sum 2.

' B c; A E 4.

I P. A. POLLARD. APPARATUS FOR REFRIGERATING BY MEANS OF LIQUEFIBD GAS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.23, 1911. 1 99 1,957 Patented Mar.31,191 i 8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

axis of the distributer.

FREDEBIG aueusrm POLLARD, or PARC s'r. MAUR, manor.

LWL957.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 23, 1911. Serial No. 616,398.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Fniiminlc i-XUGUSTIN POLLARD, of 24 Rue Lucie, Pare St. Maur,

Seine, France, engineer, haveinvented anew and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Refrigerating by Means of Liquefied Gas, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification.

This inventionhas for its object an arrangementfor refrigerating by means of liquefied gases, such as carbonic acid, ammonia, methylchlorid, sulfurous acid or the like which comprises in the known manner, a compressor driven by an engine and connected to a condenser and to a refrigerator, and an auxiliary pump. According to this invention the same gas, raised to a sufficient pressure, is employed to generate the motive power necessary to drive the compressor. The advantage of this arrangement is that the compressor can be coupled to its engine and both can be inclosed within a gas tight casing comprising one joint only or very few joints. All" out-ward leakage of gas is thus avoided which usually takes. place through the many joints in the compressor and above all through the stufiing boxes of the piston rods.

My invention is embodied in the means, arrangements ,and combinations of parts hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the claim.

In the. accompanyin illustrative drawing Figures 1 and 2 show diagrammaticallytwo ways of carrying out the invention. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a portion of an engine and compressor to a larger scale. Fig. 1 is a partial horizontal section through the Fig. 5 is a section on the line AA in Fig. 3. Figs. 6 and 7 are partial sections on the lines 13-13 and CC in Fig. 3. v

In Figs. 1 and 2, l'is a generator feeding through the pipe 2 an engine 3 with gas at high pressure. The engine 3 is directly coupled to a compressor 4 and to an auxiliary pump 5, all three members being inclosed within a single gas tight casing 6. The en-" gine and compressor may .be coupled in any known manner and may comprise elther a single piston one of whose faces is used to drive and the other to compress, or a rod common to two pistons one of which drives and the other compresses or a shaft common to the connecting rods of two pistons or a rotary arrangement as illustrated in the drawings. The compressor 4 delivers and the engine 3 exhausts through a pipe 7 into a single condenser 8 of any known type. The engine should therefdre be adapted to work so that the pressure at the end of ex pansion is nearly equal to that'in the condenser. The auxiliary pump 5 aspirates a TED wnnr 'rrou.

Patented Mar. 31, 11914;.

portion of the gas liquefied in the condenser I through the pipe 9 and delivers it to the generator through the pipe 10. 11 is a cook on the pipe 12 for supplying as is usual liquefied gas to the refrigerator 13.

In Fig. 2 the pump 5 and the cook 11 have been replaced by a pump 5 coupled directly to the engine and compressor in the casing 6 which throughsuitably arranged distributing passages and the pipes 10 and 12 serves simultaneously to feed the generator 1 and the refrigerator 13 with liquefied gas. The

pump 5. serves to measure the quantity of"- liquefied gas delivered vto the refrigerator while avoiding the use of a possibly leaky cook 11. From the refrigerator 13 the ex-- panded gas passes through the pipe 14 to the compressor 4.

Figs. 3 to] illustrate the combination" of an engine, a compressor Land a pump such as shown diagrammatically in'Fig. 2. It consists of a-gas \tight rotary mechanism having cylindrical pistons for which application for patent Serial No. 615,884 has already been filed in'the United States on March 21st, 1911. The three parts: viz. an engine (comprising cylinders 15) a pump (comprising a cylinder 17) and a compressor (comprising cylinders 1%) are located within the same gas tight casing 18. The cylinders 15, 16 and 17 are fixed at one end to a conical sleeve 19 which turns upon a conical journal 20 which serves at the same time as a distributer. The pistons 21, 22 and 23 are fixed to axes 24 carrying rollers 25 which move in circular grooves26 eccentric with respect to theaxis of rotation of the cylinthe delivery from the compressor, takes place through the passage 31 in the distributing journal and through the pipe 32.

- Aspiration to the compressor (cylinders 16 takes place through the pipe 33 and the pa sage 34 in the journal. Ports 35 and 36 placethe endsof the cylinders 15 and the end of the cylinders 16 in communication successively with the admission (aspiration) and with the outlet (delivery). Aspiration to the cylinder 17 and the auxiliary pump takes place through the pipe 37 and the passage 38 in the journal; delivery from the pump to the generator takes place through the passage 39 and the pipe 40, delivery from the pump to the refrigerator through the passage 41 and the pipe 42.

Claim.

In an apparatus for refrigerating by means of liquefied gas, the combination with an engine driven by the same gas, a compressor and a pump directly coupled to the engine, and a casing provided with interior eccentric grooves and entirely inclosing the engine, the compressor and pump, the said engine, compressor and pump comprising radiating cylinders, of a sleeve provided with distributing ports, to which said cylinders are fixed, a hollow shaft provided with distributing ports registering with the firstnamed ports, on which said sleeve is mounted, and pistons arranged in the cylinders and provided with cross-pieces engaging the eccentric grooves in the casing, a generator for raising the pressure of the gas before delivery to the engine, a condenser supplied with gas derived from the engine and compressor and a pump adapted to deliver gas from said condenser to the generator.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

retaliate AUGUSTIN POLLARD.

Witnesses:

DEAN M. MasoN, J. Comes. 

